武夷科学

本研究系统地研究温度对柑桔红蜘蛛生长发育、繁殖和寿命的影响。柑桔红蜘蛛卵、幼螨、前若螨和后若螨的发育起点温度分别为9.0、10.7、9.8和11.0℃,发育有效积温分别为107.6、36.4、30.3和29.5日度。从卵发育至成螨需有效积温206.0日度。各螨态发育速率(V)与温度(t)关系,回归式分别是:卵:V=-0.0825+0.0093t;幼螨:V=-O.2939+0.0275t;前若螨:V=-0.3229+0.0330t;后若螨:V=-0.3181+0.0311t;卵至成螨:V=-0.0468+0.0049t。柑桔红蜘蛛各螨态在20～25℃下死亡串低,超出此范围的温度对生存不利,死亡率高。柑桔红蜘蛛雌雄性比在不同温度下不同,以25℃下最高。成螨寿命与温度成负相关。雌成螨寿命(Y:天)与温度(X:℃)的直线回归式为Y=23.11-0.546X.雄螨为:Y=13.70-0.320X。每雌平均产卵量(Y)与温度(X)成二次三项式曲线回归,模拟方程为Y=-24.8714+4.3234X-O.0954X²。25℃下产卵量最大。种群增长指数在25℃下最高,低温和高温不利种群增长,特别是温度大于25℃,种群增长指数急剧下降,35℃下种群出现负增长。

The effects of temperature on development, oviposition and longevity of the citrus red mite were studied. The results indicate:1. The threshold temperature for the egg, larva, protonymph and deutonymph is 9.0, 10. 7, 9.8 and 11.0℃ respectively. The developmental effective cumulative temperature is 107.6, 36.4, 30.3 and 29.5 day-degrees for egg, larva, protonymph and deutonymph respectively. Completing one generation needs 206.0 day-degrees.2. The linear regression equation for the rale of development of egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and a generation (V) under various temperatures (t) is V = -0.0825+0.0093t, V=-0.2939+0.0275t, V =-0.3229+0.3300t, V = -0.3181+0.0311t, V =-0.0468+0.0049t respectively.3. The temperature from 20 to 25() is optimum for survial of each stage.4. The sex ratios arc different under different temperatures. The ratio of female to male is the highest at 25℃ .5. The linear regression equation for the longevity of female and male adults (Y) under various temperatures (X) is Y = 23.1100-0.5460X and Y = 13.7000-0.3200X respectively.6.The linear regression equation for the number of eggs produced by a female (Y) under various temperatures (X) is Y =-24.8714+4.3234X-0.0954X2. The optimum temperature for egg production is 25℃ .7.The index of population growth of the citrus red mite is the highest at 25℃ and is < 1 at 35℃.