武夷科学

漳州地区的华安、南靖、云肖等三县山区农村有卫氏、斯氏和三平正等三种肺吸虫的病原分布。有二种淡水螺为当地肺吸虫的第一中间宿主,其中放逸短沟蜷是卫氏吸虫的第一中间宿主,其尾蚴自然感染率0.09%;福建拟钉螺为斯氏肺吸虫的第一中间宿主,其尾蚴自然感染率0.04%。本区有三种淡水蟹作为肺吸虫的第二中间宿主,其中福建华溪蟹自然感染卫氏、斯氏和三平正等三种肺吸虫囊蚴,平均感染率77.81%。感染强度1～1244个,台湾南海溪蟹带有卫氏和斯氏囊蚴,平均感染率13.04%。中华束腰蟹自然感染卫氏和斯氏囊蚴,是我国首次的报道,感染率10%。此外,剖检豹猫1只,在其肺部得到38只卫氏肺吸虫成虫。

A general survey on the aetiology and epidemiology of paragonimiasis were car- tied out in Huaan,Nanjin and Yunxiao districts,Lonxi Region,South Fujian during 1983-1985.Three species of Paragonimus,namely,P.westermani,P.skr jabini and P. cenocopiosus were found from this region,in which P.westermani was the most dominant and important pathogen.Two species of fresh-water snails served as the first intermediate host for Paragonimus.They are:(1)Semiculcospera libertina(0.04%)were naturally infected with the cereariae of P.westermani,and(2)Tricula fujianensis(0.09%)harboured with the larvae of P.skr jabini.In the mountain streams,four species of fresh-water crabs,such as Sinopotamon fu jianensis,Nanhaipotamon formosanum,Semaniathelphusa sinensis sinensis and Eriocheir sinensis were collected and identified.Among them,S.fujianense was infected with metacercariae,98.6% of which belonged to P.westermani.S.sinensis sinensis was the first finding as the second intermediato host of P.westermani and P.skr jabini from China.This snail had been demonstrated to be infected with the metacercariae of P.ohirai,P. iloksuenensis and P.fukienensis that all were rat-type Paragonimus.Besides,Eriocheir sinensis were free from infection in 77 crabs examined in Longxi region and 70 crabs examined in the other parts of Fujian. There were 53 positives as shown by means of the intradermal tests made on 337 primary school students with antigens prepared from adult Paragomnius,and the incidence rate varied from 8.0% to 19.7% with an average of positives of intradermal tests,and 100% of them an- swered on having eaten raw or partially cooked crabs.By this reason,the authors considered that human paragonimiasis might be existent in Longxi Region.