武夷科学

为了探究茶园生态系统土壤碳、氮、磷储量的变化及其生态化学计量特征，并明确其对土壤环境因子的响应机制。以福建省3种武夷岩茶—武夷金桂、武夷肉桂和武夷水仙为研究对象，分别采集0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层的土壤样品，测定土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷含量及主要理化性质，分析不同品种茶园土壤碳、氮、磷储量的变异特征及其驱动因素。结果表明，武夷金桂的整体土壤肥力水平较高；武夷水仙0～20 cm土层的C：N显著高于20～40 cm土层；武夷肉桂0～20 cm土层的C：P、N：P均显著高于20～40 cm土层。与对照裸地相比，武夷金桂各土层碳、氮、磷储量均显著增加；武夷肉桂0～20 cm和0～40 cm土层碳储量显著高于对照；除了20～40 cm土层的磷储量外，武夷水仙各土层的碳、氮、磷储量均显著低于对照。分析表明，土壤物理性质(团聚体组成)对武夷肉桂的氮、磷储量以及武夷水仙的磷储量具有显著影响；土壤化学性质(碱解氮、速效磷)则显著影响武夷金桂的磷储量以及武夷肉桂的氮、磷储量。土壤物理、化学性质是调控不同武夷岩茶土壤碳、氮、磷储量的关键因素。未来可通过优化土壤环境管理和施肥策略，以提升不同岩茶种植系统的土壤生态功能。

This study aimed to investigate the variations in soil carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) storage and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics in tea garden ecosystems, and to clarify the responses of these characteristics to soil environmental factors. Three Wuyi rock tea cultivars(Wuyi jingui, Wuyi rougui, and Wuyi shuixian) in Fujian Province were selected for this study. Soil samples were collected from the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers, and soil physicochemical properties including organic C, total N, and total P were measured. The variation patterns of soil C, N, and P storage and their driving factors were analyzed. The results showed that the overall soil fertility level of Wuyi jingui was relatively high. The soil C∶N ratio in the 0-20 cm layer of Wuyi shuixian was significantly higher than that in the 20-40 cm layer. For Wuyi rougui, the C∶P and N∶P ratios were significantly higher in the 0-20 cm layer than in the 20-40 cm layer. Compared with the bare land control, Wuyi jingui exhibited significantly increased C, N, and P storage across both soil layers. In the soil of Wuyi rougui, the C storage in the 0-20 cm and 0-40 cm layer were significantly higher than that of the control, while for Wuyi shuixian, except for P storage in the 20-40 cm layer, the C, N, and P storage in both layers were significantly lower than that of the control. Further analysis revealed that soil physical properties(aggregate composition) significantly influenced N and P storage in the soil of Wuyi rougui and P storage in the soil of Wuyi shuixian. Soil chemical properties(available N and P) significantly affected N and P storage in the soil of Wuyi jingui, as well as P storage in the soil of Wuyi rougui. These findings demonstrate that soil physicochemical properties are key factors regulating soil C, N, and P storage in different Wuyi rock tea gardens. Optimizing soil management and fertilization strategies could help regulate the ecosystem functions of different rock tea cultivation systems.