武夷科学

以三明市城区绿地中的园林植物为研究对象，采用样方调查与线路普查相结合的方法，对综合公园、专类公园、社区公园、防护绿地和附属绿地5类城市绿地中的园林植物开展系统性调查，定量分析园林植物物种组成特征、生活型谱系及地理来源，旨在为优化城市生物多样性保护体系和景观提质改造提供科学依据。结果表明，调查范围内共记录到绿地中的园林植物367种，隶属104科256属，以被子植物为主，占园林总物种数94.82%,裸子植物和蕨类植物较匮乏。少种科、中型科、大型科物种分布较均匀，分别有109、110、101种，单种科所含物种数最少；其中豆科含物种数最多，其次为桑科。乔木、灌木、草本、藤本植物和竹类物种数之比为120∶111∶116∶16∶4,乔木最多；多部位可观赏植物种类最多，观花植物次之。植物物种来源以乡土植物为主，有237种，占比高达64.58%。因此，在城市园林建设中应注重保护和利用乡土植物资源，合理配置植被结构，营造具有地方特色和生态价值的城市绿地景观。

This study takes garden plants in urban green spaces of Sanming City as the research object. Quadrat and line transect surveys were conducted to systematically investigate the garden plants in five types of urban green spaces: comprehensive parks, specialized parks, community parks, protective green spaces, and affiliated green spaces. We quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of garden plant species composition, life form spectra, and geographical origins, aiming to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the urban biodiversity conservation system and improving the landscape quality. The results indicated that a total of 367 species of park plants belonging to 256 genera of 104 families were recorded within the scope of the investigation. Angiosperm species were dominant, accounting for 94.82% of the total park species, while gymnosperms and ferns were scarce. Small, medium, and large families presented even species distribution, with 109, 110, and 101 species respectively, and the monotypic families had the fewest species. Among the park plants, species of Leguminosae were the most, followed by those of Moraceae. The species number ratio of trees, shrubs, herbs, vines, and bamboo was 120∶111∶116∶16∶4, with the number of tree species being the highest. Plants with ornamental value in multiple parts were the most diverse, followed by flowering plants. Regarding the species sources, indigenous plants had the largest species number(237 species, 64.58%). Therefore, attention should be paid to the protection and utilization of indigenous plant resources and rational allocation of vegetation species in urban park construction for the creation of urban green space landscapes with local characteristics and ecological value.