武夷科学

深入分析邵武将石省级自然保护区内珍稀植物银粉蔷薇(Rosa anemoniflora)-杜鹃(Rhododendron simsii)灌木群落优势种群生态位特征，并探究优势种群间的种间联结关系，以期为银粉蔷薇野生资源的保护提供坚实的科学支撑和策略依据。采用标准化样地调查法，系统性地考察银粉蔷薇-杜鹃灌木群落的结构特征；运用生态位宽度指数(B_L、B_S)、生态位重叠指数(O_ik)进行生态位特征分析；采用方差比率法(V_R)、卡方(χ²)检验、Pearson相关系数以及Spearman秩相关系数等统计方法揭示种群间的相互作用模式，对种间联结性进行了全面深入的分析。结果表明，将石省级自然保护区银粉蔷薇-杜鹃灌木群落灌木层15个优势种群形成的105个种对中，银粉蔷薇在灌木层占明显优势地位，重要值和生态位宽度均较大；杜鹃的重要值次之，其余物种重要值均偏低；铁箍散(Schisandra propinqua subsp.sinensis)的生态位宽度最小。生态位重叠值指数为0.20～0.99,O_ik≥0.80的共有57对，占总对数的54.29%,O_ik≤0.5的仅9对，可见灌木层优势种群间对资源利用的相似性程度较高，物种间竞争较激烈。总体联结性为不显著负联结，χ²检验、Pearson相关系数及Spearman秩相关系数检验正负联结比均<1,且大部分物种间的联结性不显著。由此可见，将石省级自然保护区银粉蔷薇-杜鹃灌木群落内部物种竞争较激烈，处于从演替早期的“开拓性”向成熟阶段的“稳定性”过渡的演替中期阶段。

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the niche characteristics of dominant populations in the shrub layer of the rare plant Rosa anemoniflora-Rhododendron simsii community in the Jiangshi Provincial Nature Reserve, Shaowu. Additionally, it seeks to investigate the interspecific associations among these dominant populations to provide a robust scientific foundation and strategic insights for the conservation of wild Ro. anemoniflora resources. Standardized plot surveys were conducted to systematically assess the structural characteristics of the Ro. anemoniflora-Rh. simsii community. For niche characteristic analysis, niche breadth indices(B_L, B_S) and niche overlap index(O_ik) were calculated for quantitative evaluation. To elucidate the interaction patterns among populations, a combination of statistical methods, including the variance ratio(V_R) method, chi-square(χ²) test, Pearson correlation coefficient test, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient test, were employed to analyze interspecific associations comprehensively. Among the 105 species pairs formed by 15 dominant populations in the shrub layer of the Ro. anemoniflora-Rh. simsii community in the Jiangshi Provincial Nature Reserve, Ro. anemoniflora dominated the shrub layer, exhibiting a high importance value and niche breadth. Rh. simsii ranked second in importance value, while other species had lower importance values. Schisandra propinqua subsp. sinensis displayed the smallest niche breadth. The niche overlap index ranged from 0.20 to 0.99, being ≥0.80 in 57 pairs(54.29% of the total pairs), and only 9 pairs had O_ik≤0.5. This indicated a high degree of similarity in resource utilization among dominant populations in the shrub layer, suggesting intense interspecific competition. The overall association was non-significantly negative, with the ratios of positive to negative associations below 1 in the χ², Pearson correlation coefficient, and Spearman rank correlation coefficient tests, and the associations between most species were not significant. Therefore, the competition among plant species in the Ro. anemoniflora-Rh. simsii shrub community of the Jiangshi Provincial Nature Reserve is relatively intense, and the community is in the middle stage of succession, transitioning from the "pioneering" phase of early succession to the "stability" phase of the mature stage.